Bearings work on the principle of reducing friction between two moving parts. They consist of two main components: the inner race and the outer race, which are separated by rolling elements such as balls or rollers.

When the inner race rotates, the rolling elements roll along the raceway and transfer the load to the outer race. This allows the two parts to rotate with minimal friction and wear.

The rolling elements are held in place by a cage or retainer, which keeps them evenly spaced and prevents them from rubbing against each other.

The type of bearing and the design of the raceways and rolling elements can vary depending on the specific application and load requirements. For example, deep groove ball bearings have a single row of balls that can support radial and axial loads, while tapered roller bearings have multiple rows of rollers that can support heavy radial and axial loads.

Overall, the working principle of bearings is to reduce friction and support loads, allowing for smooth and efficient rotation of machinery and equipment.